A Brief History Of The Pyramids Of Giza

The Pyramids Of Giza

There are three famous pyramids located at the Giza Plateau, City of El Giza, in Egypt. They are known as the pyramid of Khufu, pyramid of Khafre, and the pyramid of Menkaure, collectively, these are famously termed the Great Pyramids of Giza, meanwhile, the Great Sphinx is majestically situated in close proximity. Importantly, following great in-depth study by experts over many generations, this complex is now considered by modern scientific engineers and architects as architectural masterpieces. The Dahshur desert is located on the west bank of the River Nile, approximately 40 kilometres south of Cairo City, where the ancient pyramids of Dahshur are situated. It is believed that there were originally eleven pyramids in Dahshur, but now only five remain. The most famous are, the Dahshur pyramid, the Red pyramid, and the Black pyramid. This vicinity was thought to be the royal necropolis (great cemetery) for the ancient Egyptian Royal family, and the ancient Egyptians believed that this area was the sacred passageway between life and death.

The Great Pyramid of Giza, also known as the Pyramid of Khufu, is the largest and most famous of the ancient Egyptian Pyramids, and one of the great wonders of the world. Modern archaeologists determine the age of such ancient monuments by a commonly used scientific method called radiocarbon dating. However, the Great pyramids situated around Gaza are highly complex structures, meaning, it has been extremely challenging for modern scientists to conclude the true age of such buildings. Moreover, there are many complicated and important factors for scientists to consider when assessing the age of the Great Pyramids such as the sophisticated geometric structural design, the different types of artifacts found within the buildings, as well as new or recent discoveries within the ancient pyramids, and the impact of new scientific research equipment. As a result, modern scientist, historians, and other scholars continue to debate and contest various theories.

Great Pyramid Of Giza (Khufu)

The mysteries associated with the Great Pyramid of Giza remain stubbornly unresolved, and they continue to mystify the greatest academics to this day. Although, this monument has been comprehensively studied by many scientist from across the globe, and numerous theories have been put forward over many generations, including the well-known adamant claim by many Egyptologists that the Great Pyramid of Gaza was built as a tomb for the ancient pharaoh Khufu, who supposedly lived between approximately 2609 - 2584 BC, and that he was thought to be the second King of the 4th dynasty of ancient Egypt, there are still many unanswered questions, such as, how was the monolith stones for the Great pyramids of Giza dissected and then transported to the construction site, and who were the architects that designed and built the Great Pyramids and what was the ultimate purpose of these mysterious monuments.

The Pyramid Of Giza: 8-sided-figure Pyramid

The Great Pyramid of Giza is generally thought to be a four-sided square based pyramid. However, it may be a surprising revelation to some people, but the Great Pyramid of Giza is in fact an 8-sided-figure, not a 4-sided figure like normal pyramids. It is believed that this discovery was made in 1940, by a British Air Force Pilot called P. Groves, after he flew over the Great Pyramid several times while taking random pictures. Much later, when he made a closer inspection of his photos, Groves became aware of barely noticeable concavities on the faces of the Great Pyramid. Groves's photos eventually became famous across the globe, evoking great interest, and subsequently, the original photographs were obtained and scrutinized by structural engineers, architects, historians, and scientists. This surprising and exciting discovery revealed that although each of the four sides of the Great Pyramid of Giza are evenly divided from the base to the convergence at the apex, there also exists subtle concave indentations within the design that evenly divide each of the four sides, which are not apparent to the human vision, accept when viewed from above the pyramid at a certain distance and view point, but nevertheless, has resulted in a very unique 8-sided pyramid. Modern scientists are currently exploring this fascinating discovery, but thus far, the reason for this unusual feature of design has remained a fraustratingly elusive mystery.

The Pyramid Of Giza: Structural Measurements & Formulas

According to some sources the Great Pyramid of Giza was built between 2,600 - 2,540 BC. It is the largest of the three principal pyramids situated at the Giza plateau, in Egypt. It is believed that the Great Pyramid of Giza was built as a tomb for the Pharaoh Khufu, who was thought to be the son of Pharaoh Snefru. Nonetheless, those claims have been challenged by some scholars who believe that there were a far more important reasons for its construction. The monument was comprised of an estimated 2.3 million stones, approximately 5.5 million tonnes of limestone, 8,000 tonnes of granite, and 500,000 tonnes of mortar. The Great Pyramid's height is 482.75 feet including the foundation ('socle'). The ancient Egyptians used a unit of measurement called royal cubit = (1.86 feet). The length for each of the four sides at the base of the pyramid is about 755.85 feet, covering an area of about 13 acres, and its angle is 51.8 degrees. The ancient Egyptian mathematical term for a slope or angle of a triangle was called seked. It is said that within pure mathematics there are two very important mathematical formulas that are currently known as (Pi) = (3.141) and the Golden Ratio (Phi) = (1.618), and which scholars of maths regard as the most beautiful number in the universe. Based on these two formulas modern scientists carry out very important scientific research projects. Coincidentally, following in-depth research of the geometric structure of the Great Pyramids of Giza, some academics have concluded that the formulas in question were encoded within the integral structure of the Great Pyramids of Giza at the time of their construction over 4,500 years ago.

(Pi)

 

Golden Ratio (Phi)

The Pyramid Of Giza: Centre Of The Earth's Land Mass

The Great Pyramid is situated on the 30th parallel, almost 30 degrees north latitude from the Equator and just over 31 degrees east longitude from Greenwich, essentially, the Great Pyramid is situated at the geographical centre of the land mass on the earth. It is argued by scholars that this alignment is a remarkable achievement, alternatively, it is a remarkable coincidence, depending on one's point of view on this topic. Other interesting facts are, the four faces of Egypt's pyramids are perfectly aligned with the four cardinal points of the compass, also, the Great Pyramid casts shadows upon the earth according to the Sun's position in the sky upon its frame, which signify the four seasons during the year, namely, the summer and winter solstices, as well as the spring and autumnal equinoxes. In addition, on the evening of the summer solstice, from a vantage point of the Sphinx, the Sun descends precisely between the Great Pyramid and the Khafre Pyramid, all of which strongly suggest that the ancient architects had obtained exceptional knowledge and technological skills to construct and align each monument to achieve such an outcome. This is said to be a remarkable feat of ingenuity, providing this objective was intentional and not a mere coincidence. This belief is based on the assumption that advance instruments of measurement that produced such accuracy for those purposes, would not have been available at that point in history.

The Pyramid Of Giza: The Structural Materials

Ancient Egyptian masonry is one of the most passionately debated topics among Egyptologists, various scholars, and modern engineers. The exterior of the Great Pyramid was originally covered with smooth surfaced white limestones (approximately 144,000), meaning, once upon a time, the Pyramid of Giza would have been a magnificent vision when its gleaming faces was smitten by the glorious sun or the romantic moonlight at night. The underlining stones are now visible, due to a several earthquakes that occurred over the centuries within that location, causing damage to the surface structure, which were later stripped and then utilized for different buildings elsewhere. The limestones were about 100 inches thick and weighed about 15 tons each. Certain sources claim that the mortar used to adhere the surface limestones was of an unknown origin. The chemical composition of this particular mortar has been analysed by scientists across the globe, and subsequently, it is believed to be unique, as well as difficult to replicate. This mortar was also used to hold together the internal stones of the Great Pyramid, and these stones are of many different types and sizes (heterogeneous). The monolith stones which were used to construct the Great Pyramid were cut and fitted to such a high degree of precision, that even today, a single piece of paper or razor blade, is unable to be inserted between the mortar which joins each of the stones. This mortar is said to be so exceptionally strong, that it is considered even stronger than the actual monolith stones of the building. Moreover, after thousands of years this unique material is still robust and durable enough to hold firm today.

One of the great unsolved mysteries relating to how the Egyptian pyramids were founded, is how colossal stones of such weight (25 to 80 tonnes) could have been quarried (supposedly before the wheel was invented), cut precisely, lifted to such great heights, and then put in place with such consummate skill and exactitude. Modern structural engineers state that there are no machines which exist today that can haulage the weight of those stones used for the Great Pyramids, to the same heights that was accomplished in ancient Egypt. In addition, engineers state that it would have been near impossible for primitive tools to cut through stones of such great density and thickness with the startling success, which was achieved, irrespective of the quantity of workers used to perform the tasks. Remarkably, after many experts conducted in-depth tests on the Great Pyramid, they found no stress fractures or structural problems within the interior walls of the building, despite the burden of stones weighing millions of tonnes, interminably resting upon the monument over thousands of years.

The Pyramid Of Giza: Chambers & Secret Rooms

Thus far the discovered chambers within the Great Pyramid are the King's chamber, which is said to contain a granite sarcophagus (elaborate coffin), the Queen's chamber, and an incomplete antechamber, which is situated below the bedrock (foundation) of the pyramid. There are also a variety of corridors and shafts, as well as the Grand Gallery. There are two entrances which are located at the northern side of the Great Pyramid, the original main entrance, and a second entrance which descends into the subterranean chamber. Yet the exploration of this building is unceasing, with the expectation of even more secret rooms and passages to be unveiled and examined in the future. Some academics claim that the Great pyramids were built as tombs to honour the ancient pharaohs. Contrastingly, there are other historians who disagree with this theory, arguing, why were the ancient Egyptians so obsessed with the precise dimensions, orientations, and locations of the Great pyramids in Egypt. According to in-depth scientific analysis, ancient Egyptian architects incorporated the principles of advanced mathematics, geometry, and astronomy within the integral structure of the Great Pyramid of Giza to such an extraordinary degree, it is considered an unprecedented and unique monument. Furthermore, it is said to be a feat unattained by modern architects, even with the advantage of modern technology.

The Pyramids Of Giza: Alignment With The Cardinal Points

Modern scientists found that the three ancient Egyptian pyramids situated at the Gaza in Egypt are impeccably aligned to the cardinal (four main points on a compass, N, E, S, W), almost to perfection East West and North South. The Great Pyramid of Giza is aligned to within 3/60 of a degree north, aligned close to perfection with true north, which is a closer precision of alignment then any achieved in modern buildings to date. This information may be meaningless to the layperson. However, architects, structural engineers, geologists, and mathematicians are fully appreciative of the significance of this remarkable feat. The presumption is that this accomplishment was undertaken about 4,500 years ago, without the use of a magnetic compass. Moreover, a magnetic compass would not have been accurate enough to produce the same results, because the magnetic North Pole shifts slightly as the earth pivots and rotates on its axis, in accordance with the changes of the earth's magnetic core. Also, the primitive methods such as observing the sky at a particular time of day or night, and observing the shadows on sundials, have been extensively researched and dismissed by scientists, as not sufficient to achieve the desired result. Therefore, the great mystery of how this accuracy of alignment was achieved, has eluded and haunted scientists over many centuries to the present day.

The Pyramid Of Gaza: Fascinating Facts

Modern scientists discovered a fascinating relationship between the dimensions of the Earth, the sun, and the Great Pyramid of Giza, which was found to be encoded within the structure of the Great Pyramid. The Pyramid of Giza was built upon a bedrock called the socle (outer foundation), which has a base thickness that is equal to one royal cubit = (20.8 inches), the standard unit of measurement, which was then used by the ancient Egyptians. The socle is about 5ft wider than the Great Pyramid's overall inner foundation area. For a considerable time after the discovery of the socle, scientist struggled to understand its ultimate purpose, however, there now seems to be a partial explanation for this particular feature. The Great Pyramid is 482.75 feet high including the socle, and it corresponds to the (ratio 1/43,200, scale model of the Earth) from the polar diameter (north to south line divide) of the Earth. The length of the Great Pyramid's south side baseline (including the socle) is about 760.9, also, a ratio 1/43,200, scale model of the Earth, which happens to be the diameter of the equator (the Earth's east to west line divide). Meanwhile the length of the Great Pyramid's south side baseline (excluding the socle) equals about 755.85 feet, which is a 1/43,200, scale model of the Earth's diameter.

The relation of the Great pyramid's circumference to its height is the same as the earth's scale model circumference and radius from the pole. The measurements of the Great pyramid's perimeter, corresponds to both the latitude and longitude measurements at the earth's equator, meaning, when scaled up, the Great pyramid of Giza directly corresponds to the circumference of the Earth's equator and the measurement from the equator to the North Pole. These measurements taken collectively translate to the Great Pyramid of Giza being an exact scale model of the Earth's dimensions, at the Northern Hemisphere, on a scale of 1/43,200. The above mentioned are well-known facts to many experts around the world who have undertaken comprehensive study of the ancient pyramids, moreover, the scholars in question do not dispute any of these facts. However, many of them who are sceptics, simply refuse to accept that the original architects of the ancient pyramids were fully aware of this level of sophisticated knowledge, when they began designing the Great pyramid of Giza.

Modern scientists have also discovered that the overall dimensions of the Great pyramid incorporate measurements from which the earth's size and shape can be calculated, as well as the distance between the earth, moon, and the distance between the sun. The Pyramid embodies the constant scale ratio of 1/43,200, which forms an interesting relationship with the following; the radius of the sun's distance from its centre to its surface is about 432,000 miles, and when this amount is divided by 10, we arrive at 43,200, which is the ratio the Great Pyramid (1/43,200) was built on. In addition, the Great pyramid's ratio number, it corresponds to 43,200 seconds, which happens to be half of 24 hours. Also, when we multiply 43,200 by 20, this equals 864,000 miles, which is the diameter of the sun. In addition, the height of the Great pyramid, including the socle (482.75), multiplied by the pyramid's ratio (1/43,200), is equal to the polar radius of the Earth; height of 482.75 x 43,200 equals 20,855 feet equals 3,950 miles (rounded figures). When we consider the earth's polar radius rate of change over 4,500 years since the Great Pyramid was built, the level of accuracy achieved at the time of its construction, would have been close to perfection. Furthermore, many experts assert that the facts already outlined merely touch the surface relating to the vast ocean of information contained within the structural geometry of the Great Pyramid(s).

Other scientific discoveries are, the Great Pyramid's base perimeter, excluding the socle, equals 30,024 feet, and when this amount is divided by 100, it is 365.24 feet, which is the exact amount of days in a tropical year. Also, the length of the diameter of the Great Pyramid, when measured as a circle is also 365.24. And the length of the antechamber, located within the Great Pyramid, when taken as a diameter of a circle, produces a circumference of 365.242, the days in the year to a quarter of a day, which is 365.242. If we take the Great pyramid of Giza as a coordinate, the number sequence of this coordinate is exactly; 29.979 2458 N. This number is in fact equal to the speed of light travelling through space measured in meters per second, which is 299, 792, 458. The Great Pyramid is riddled with far greater complex data of the dimensions and distances of the Earth, moon, sun, as well as other planets, and much more. Depending on one's point of view, these facts are mere coincidences or a remarkable feat of engineering. Nevertheless, many of these facts are common knowledge amongst scientists, mathematicians, and Egyptologists, but surprisingly not widely known by ordinary people amongst the public. But assuming that the vast and mesmerizing array of numerical data discovered was intentionally embedded within the Great Pyramid(s), this would arguably demonstrate that the Great Pyramid(s) was designed with a level of technology and sophistication far more advanced than any technology that currently exists in the modern world.

The Menkaure Pyramid

The pyramid of Menkaure is the smallest of the three main pyramids of Giza, situated on the Giza Plateau, Egypt. It is thought to have been built as a tomb for the 4th dynasty pharaoh Menkaure, who was believed to be the son of the Pharaoh Khafre. The building is estimated to have been constructed roughly 2510 BC (4th dynasty). It was originally 215 feet high (current height 204 feet). The base length of the Menkaure Pyramid is 335 x 343 feet. The gradient of this building is 51°20'25, volume (8,305, 409 cubic feet). The stated dates for the ancient pyramids are according to modern scientific approximations (carbon dating). Nevertheless, some scientists still contest these dates, due to the various methodologies and types of samples analysed in order to ascertain the dates of construction. It is also important to state, that some scholars and historians challenge the established written information about the ancient Egyptian pharaohs, and that different sources provide conflicting dates for the construction of the ancient pyramids, as well as the ancient pharaohs.

The Khafre Pyramid

The Pyramid of Khafre also known as the Pyramid of Chephren, is believed to have been sanctioned by fourth-dynasty Pharaoh Khafre, who's reign was roughly between (2558-2532 BC). Khafre was believed to be the son of the Pharaoh Khufu. The Khafre Pyramid is the second largest of the three great pyramids, which are situated on the Gaza Plateau, in Cairo. It is southwest of the Great Pyramid of Giza. It is believed to have been constructed roughly 2570 BC (4th dynasty). It has a height of 448 feet (originally 471ft), and it is a four base triangle, with an average length of 707.75 feet for each side, with a gradient (angle) of 53° 13'. Volume equals (78, 084,114 cubic feet). The stated dates for the ancient pyramids are according to modern scientific approximations (carbon dating). Nevertheless, some scientists still contest these dates, due to the various methodologies and types of samples analysed in order to ascertain the dates of construction. It is also important to state, that some scholars and historians challenge the established written information about the ancient Egyptian pharaohs, and that different sources provide conflicting dates for the construction of the ancient pyramids, as well as the ancient pharaohs.

The original architects of the great pyramids of Egypt did not leave any records about themselves or their creation. There is not a lot of extensive information that remains about Pharaohs of ancient Egypt. The information obtained by historians about the ancient pharaohs of Egypt were mostly gleamed from papyrus (hieroglyphs), inscriptions on temple walls, and also tombs laid within the necropolis, which was a large ancient cemetery in Egypt. Over the centuries many historians have written about the ancient Kings and Queens of Egypt spanning the Old and New Kingdoms, nevertheless, their written accounts have been criticized by some scholars and historians for being riddled with inconsistencies and for lacking depth.

Arguably the most enigmatic and mysterious monument is famously situated at the centre of the earth. It is thought to be a quintessential, geometrically constructed monument, which incorporates bewildering mathematical formulas, and numerous astronomical, and cosmological data. Within the labyrinth of its geometric design, there exists an intrinsic encyclopaedia of vast underlying scientific data waiting to be discovered. It is a monument apparently created to defy time, as well as the unceasing, unpredictable, and sometimes destructive elements, given earthquakes and tornadoes have visited its foundations over many centuries to no avail. It is seen as an imposing megalithic goliath, seemingly unwilling to reveal its coveted secrets to this world, the depth of which cannot be measured so far. Even so, the diligent scholars of this sturdy constitution are on a never-ending quest, forever grappling with their studious pursuits, determined to unravel the full extent of this remarkable trove, with the intention of drinking excessively to quench their thirst from its well of knowledge.

Written by Star_gazer

Published 2 January 2022