A Brief History Of The Great Pyramid Of Giza
There are three famous pyramids located at the Giza Plateau, outside of the modern City of El Giza, in Egypt. They are known as the pyramid of Giza or Khufu, the pyramid Khafre, and the pyramid Menkaure, if you also include the Great sphinx, collectively, this complex is considered by some historians and academics as architectural masterpieces. The ancient pyramids of Dahshur are also well known. It is believed there were originally eleven pyramids in Dahshur, now just five remain, but only three of which are not in total ruin, they are, the Dahshur pyramid or Bent Pyramid, the Red pyramid and the Black pyramid. The Dahshur desert is located on the west bank of the River Nile, approximately 40 kilometres south of Cairo City. This vicinity was considered to be the royal necropolis (great cemetery) for the ancient Egyptian Royal family. The ancient Egyptians believed that this area was the sacred passageway between life and death.
The Great Pyramid of Giza is considered to be the pinnacle of Egyptian pyramids and it is the largest of the three that are in proximity, and one of the great wonders of the ancient world. Modern scientist such as, archaeologists and Egyptologists, determine the age of ancient monuments by using a method called radiocarbon dating. However, the series of pyramids situated around the Gaza plateau, are highly complex structures and are difficult to estimate a date of construction, particularly, the Great pyramid of Giza. In addition, there are many other complicated and important factors to be considered when determining the age of the ancient pyramids, and because of the various complexities, the dates estimated by some modern Egyptologists, continue to be debated and contested by many modern historians and academics.
The Unique Pyramid
The Great Pyramid of Giza was built roughly (2,600 to 2,540 BC). It is the largest of the three principle Pyramids situated at the Giza plateau, in Egypt. It is believed that it was built as a tomb for the ancient Pharaoh Khufu, who was thought to be the son of the Pharaoh Snefru. However, those claims and stated dates are challenged by some historians. The monument was comprised of an estimated 2.3 million stones, approximately 5.5 million tonnes of limestone, 8,000 tonnes of granite, and 500,000 tonnes of mortar. The Great Pyramid's height is 482.75 feet including the 'socle' (foundation). The ancient Egyptians used the unit of measurement (meh niswt) 'Royal cubit'=(1.86 feet). The length of each of the four sides at the foundation of the pyramid averages 755.85 feet, not including the 'socle', and the angle of the pyramid is 51.8 degrees. The ancient Egyptian term 'arcsecond' was represented by the symbol ("), and it is a unit of angular measurement equal to 1/60 of an arcminute, which equals 1/3600 of a degree, and equals 1/1296000 of a turn. The ancient Egyptian mathematical term for a slope or angle of a triangle was called 'seked'.
Most Beautiful Number In The Universe
Following detailed research, modern scientist have concluded that the Great Pyramid of Giza was designed by utilizing two very important mathematical formulas, which we already know as (Pi) = (3.141), and the Golden Ratio (Phi) =(1.618). Within the circle of mathematicians, the Golden Ratio is held in such high regard, that it is often referred to as...The Most Beautiful Number In The Universe. Over generations numerous renowned mathematicians and scholars, have conducted in-depth analysis of the geometric structure of the Great Pyramid, which they concluded irrefutably that the formulas in question, were encoded within the integral structure of the Great Pyramid of Giza, at the time of its construction over 4,500 years ago.
The Great Pyramid is situated on the 30th parallel, almost 30 degrees north latitude from the Equator and just over 31 degrees east longitude from Greenwich, essentially the Great Pyramid is situated at the centre of all the land mass of the earth. This alignment seems like a profound statement, alternatively, it is a remarkable coincidence, depending on one's point of view. Throughout each year, the Great Pyramid casts shadows upon the earth according to the position of the Sun in the sky upon its frame, which signifies the four seasons during the year, the summer and winter solstices, as well as the spring, and autumnal equinoxes. On the evening of the Summer Solstice, from a vantage point of the Sphinx, the Sun descends precisely between the Great Pyramid and the Khafre Pyramid, which is situated in close proximity. This strongly suggest that the ancient architects had gained knowledge of such events, and the relative time periods of each. Moreover, the attributes of the Great Pyramid, and the positioning of the Sphinx were intentionally designed thus, in order to fulfil one of the creators many objectives.
Ancient Egyptian masonry is one of the most passionately debated topics among Egyptologists, various scholars, and particularly modern engineers. The exterior of the Great Pyramid was originally covered with smooth surfaced white limestones. The underlining stones are now visible, due to a number of earth quakes that occurred over the centuries within that location, causing damage to some of those surface stones, which were later stripped and taken by Egyptians to be used for different types of buildings elsewhere. Those limestones were about 100 inches thick, and weighed about 15 tons each. The outer surface of the Great Pyramid was comprised of approximately 144,000 limestones. Once upon a time, the Pyramid of Giza would have been a vision to behold, when its gleaming faces was smitten by the full glory of the Sun or the Moonlight at night.
The mortar used to join the surface limestones was said to be of an unknown origin. The chemical composition of this mortar have been analysed by scientists, and is believed to be unique, as well as difficult to replicate. This mortar was also used to hold together the internal stones of the Great Pyramid, and these stones were of many different types and sizes (heterogeneous). The monolith stones which were used to construct the Great Pyramid were cut and fitted to such a high degree of precision, that even today, a single piece of paper or razor blade, is unable to be inserted between the mortar which joins each of the stones. This mortar is said to be so exceptionally strong, that it is even considered to be stronger than the actual stones of the building. Moreover, even after thousands of years, it is still robust enough to hold firm today.
Many Egyptologist and historians have claimed that the Great pyramids were built as tombs to honour the ancient pharaohs. Nevertheless, there are other scientists who disagree with this theory stating, if that were the case, then why were the ancient Egyptians so obsessed with the precise dimensions, orientations, and locations of the pyramids in Egypt. According to in-depth scientific analysis, ancient Egyptian architects incorporated the principles of mathematics, geometry, and astronomy, into the integral structure of the Great Pyramid of Giza, to such an extraordinary level, that it is now considered an unprecedented and unique monument. And it is a feat unattained by modern architects, even with the advantage of modern technology.
Scientists have discovered a very surprising and fascinating relationship between the dimensions of the Earth, the Sun and the Great Pyramid of Giza. This data was found to be encoded within the structure of the Great Pyramid. The Pyramid of Giza was built upon a bedrock called the 'socle' which has a base thickness that is equal to one Royal cubit = (20.8 inches), and the socle is about 5ft wider around the sides of the overall foundation area of the Great Pyramid. As mentioned earlier, the 'Royal cubit' is a standard unit of measurement, which was used in ancient Egypt. After the discovery of the socle, for a considerable time scientist struggled to understand its ultimate purpose, but there now seems to be, at least a partial explanation for its purpose.
The Great Pyramid is 482.75 feet including the socle, and correspond to the ratio 1/43,200 of the polar diameter (North to South line divide) of the earth. The foundation length of the South side of the Great Pyramid (including the socle) is 760.9 feet, also found to be 1/43,200, but of the diameter of the Earth at the equator (East to West line divide). The length of the South side foundation of the Great Pyramid, measured without the 'socle' is 755.85 feet, and this measurement is found to be 1/43,200 of the diameter of the Earth, when measured at the coordinates where the Great Pyramid is located.
In addition, the relation of the Great pyramid's circumference to its height is the same of that of the earth's circumference to its radius from the pole. The measurements of the perimeter of the Great pyramid, corresponds to an exact fraction of both the latitude and longitude measurements at the earth's equator. This means, when scaled up, the Great pyramid of Giza directly corresponds to the circumference of the equator, as well as the measurement from the equator to the North Pole. All of these measurements taken collectively translate to the Great Pyramid of Giza being an exact scale model of the dimensions of the Earth, at the Northern Hemisphere, on a scale of 1/43,200. However, a great many Egyptologist are already fully aware of these facts, and they do not dispute them, but many simply refuse to accept that the original designers of the ancient pyramids were fully aware of this knowledge, before they began designing and constructing the Great pyramid of Giza.
It has been established by scientists that the overall dimensions of the Great pyramid incorporate measurements from which the earth's size and shape can be calculated, as well as the distance between the Earth, Moon and the distance between the Sun. The Pyramid embodies the constant scale ratio of 1/43,200, which forms an interesting relationship with the following examples. The radius of the Sun (distance from its centre to its surface) is about 432,000 miles, and if we divide the radius of the Sun by 10, we arrive at 43,200, which is the ratio that the Great pyramid (1/43,200) was built on. If we then take the Great pyramid of Giza's ratio number, it corresponds to 43,200 seconds, which is half of a day (half number of seconds in 24 hours). Also, take 43,200 and multiply it by the number 20. The result is the diameter of the Sun which is equal to roughly 864,000 miles.
In addition, if we take the height of the Great pyramid, including the socle (482.75), multiplied by the pyramid's ratio number (1/43,200), it is equal to the polar radius of the Earth; height of 482.75 x 43,200 =20,855 feet =3,950 miles (rounded figures) take in consideration the earth's polar radius rate of change over 4,500 years since the Great Pyramid was built, meaning the accuracy at the time of construction was even greater. These small amounts of simple facts merely touch the surface of an ocean of information contained within the structural geometry of the Great Pyramid. However, there are vast amounts of much more complex data, which scholars have been constantly grappling with over many generations, and which are far too technical for the average person to follow.Other interesting scientific discoveries are the Base Perimeter (not the Perimeter=3043 feet, including the Socle), of the Great Pyramid is 36,524 feet, but when divided by 100 it is 365.24 feet, the exact amount of days in a tropical year to the exact 5 digits. Also, the length of the diameter of the Great Pyramid, when measured as a circle is also 365.24. And the length of the antechamber, located within the Great Pyramid, when taken as a diameter of a circle, produces a circumference of 365.242, the days in the year to a quarter of a day, which is 365.242.
If we take the Great pyramid of Giza as a coordinate, the number sequence of this coordinate is exactly; 29.979 2458 N. This number is actually equal to the speed of light travelling through space measured in meters per second, which is 299, 792, 458. The Great Pyramid is riddled with far greater complex data of the dimensions and distances of the Earth, Moon, Sun, as well as the Stars, and much more. Depending on one's point of view these facts are mere coincidences. Nevertheless, many of these facts are widely known amongst scientists, mathematicians, and Egyptologists, but surprisingly not widely known amongst the general public. Assuming the vast and mesmerizing array of numerical data were intentionally embedded within the Great Pyramid, this would potentially demonstrate, that the Great Pyramid was designed with a level of technology and sophistication, which is far in excess of any technology that currently exists in the modern world.
The pyramid of Menkaure is the smallest of the three main pyramids of Giza. It is situated on the Giza Plateau, in the southwestern outskirts of Cairo, Egypt. It is said to have been built as a tomb for the 4th dynasty pharaoh Menkaure, who was believed to be the son of the Pharaoh Khafre. The building is estimated to have been constructed roughly 2510 BC (4th dynasty). It was originally 215 feet high (current height 204 feet). The base length of the Menkaure Pyramid is 335 x 343 feet. The gradient of this building is 51°20'25, volume (8,305, 409 cubic feet).
The stated dates for the ancient pyramids are according to modern scientific approximations (carbon dating). Nevertheless, some scientists still contest these dates, due to the various methodologies and types of samples analysed in order to ascertain the dates of construction. It is also important to state, that some scholars and historians challenge the established written information about the ancient Egyptian pharaohs, and that different sources provide conflicting dates for the construction of the ancient pyramids, as well as the ancient pharaohs.
The Pyramid of Khafre also known as the Pyramid of Chephren, is believed to have been sanctioned by fourth-dynasty Pharaoh Khafre, who's reign was roughly between (2558-2532 BC). Khafre was believed to be the son of the Pharaoh Khufu. The Khafre Pyramid is the second largest of the three great pyramids, which are situated on the Gaza Plateau, in Cairo. It is southwest of the Great Pyramid of Giza. It is believed to have been constructed roughly 2570 BC (4th dynasty). It has a height of 448 feet (originally 471ft), and it is a four base triangle, with an average length of 707.75 feet for each side, with a gradient (angle) of 53° 13'. Volume equals (78, 084,114 cubic feet).
The stated dates for the ancient pyramids are according to modern scientific approximations (carbon dating). Nevertheless, some scientists still contest these dates, due to the various methodologies and types of samples analysed in order to ascertain the dates of construction. It is also important to state, that some scholars and historians challenge the established written information about the ancient Egyptian pharaohs, and that different sources provide conflicting dates for the construction of the ancient pyramids, as well as the ancient pharaohs.
The Red Pyramid also known as the North Pyramid, is located at Danshur necropolis in Cairo, Egypt. It is believed that its construction began during the reign of the 4th dynasty Pharaoh Sneferu. King Sneferu was believed to be the father of the Pharaoh Khufu, who ordained the construction of the Great Pyramid of Giza. The Red Pyramid was built during the so called 'Old Kingdom' of ancient Egypt, which spanned roughly (2,700 to 2,100 BC), the Red Pyramid was built roughly, 2575- 2551 BC (4th dynasty). The Red Pyramid stands at 344 feet high, has a base length of 722 feet for each of its four sides, and a gradient of 43 degrees. Its volume is equal to (2,216,000 cubic yards).
The stated dates for the ancient pyramids are according to modern scientific approximations (carbon dating). Nevertheless, some scientists still contest these dates, due to the various methodologies and types of samples analysed in order to ascertain the dates of construction. It is also important to state, that some scholars and historians challenge the established written information about the ancient Egyptian pharaohs, and that different sources provide conflicting dates for the construction of the ancient pyramids, as well as the ancient pharaohs.
The Great Pyramid of Djoser or Step Pyramid is located in the Saqqara necropolis, Egypt, northwest of the city of Memphis. it was built roughly 2670 to 2650 BC (3 dynasty). The 6-tier 4-sided structure is believed to be one of the earliest colossal stone buildings in Egypt. The Pharaoh Djoser ruled between (2686 - 2648 BC), he was the first King or Pharaoh of the third dynasty of ancient Egypt. It is believed that his reign was marked by great technological innovation in the use of stone architecture. The Djoser pyramid is a vast mortuary complex, said to contain over 400 rooms connected by tunnels. Its original height was 205 feet tall, with a base of 358 x 397 feet. It has an overall inclination of 49 degrees. Volume equals approximately (11,670,966 cubic feet).
The stated dates for the ancient pyramids are according to modern scientific approximations (carbon dating). Nevertheless, some scientists still contest these dates, due to the various methodologies and types of samples analysed in order to ascertain the dates of construction. It is also important to state, that some scholars and historians challenge the established written information about the ancient Egyptian pharaohs, and that different sources provide conflicting dates for the construction of the ancient pyramids, as well as the ancient pharaohs.
The original architects of the great pyramids of Egypt did not leave any records about themselves or their creation. There is not a lot of extensive information that remains about Pharaohs of ancient Egypt. The information obtained by historians about the ancient pharaohs of Egypt were mostly gleamed from papyrus (hieroglyphs), inscriptions on temple walls, and also tombs laid within the necropolis, which was a large ancient cemetery in Egypt. Over the centuries many historians have written about the ancient Kings and Queens of Egypt spanning the Old and New Kingdoms, nevertheless, their written accounts have been criticized by some scholars and historians for being riddled with inconsistencies and for lacking depth.
Greek historians were believed to be the first Europeans to begin writing about the ancient pharaohs, particularly profusely during the so called Hellenistic period, an era greatly influenced by Greek history, culture, and language. The Hellenistic period began after the demise of Alexander the Great (Greek warlord, ruler), who ventured into Egypt with his army in 332 BC, where he was crowned as Egyptian ruler, and following this event, during his brief stay there, he founded the city of Alexandria in Egypt, before he left to continue his great military pursuits across foreign lands. About a decade later, after many escapades, Alexander the Great tragically died in 323 BC. Sovereign rule of Egypt was transferred to the Greek General and historian 'Ptolemy I' he was the founder of the Ptolemaic Dynasty. The Hellenistic period spanned approximately 300 years, from roughly 323 BC until 30 BC. During this era Greek culture (Greek term...Cheops) and influence was dominant across Egypt, as well as the Mediterranean, parts of the Near East, Asia, and Turkey.
Archaeologists and Egyptologists have determined that Upper and Lower Egypt was unified approximately (3,100 BC). Assuming this to be the case, from the end of the Stone Age period, the Egyptians were able to acquire enough knowledge and experience, to begin building sophisticated monuments, within just a few hundred years, spanning the 'Old Kingdom' (2700-2100). This theory is challenged by some historians. It may be worth noting that the average life span of the ancient Egyptian was probably much less than it is today, and living conditions would have been comparatively more difficult. Therefore, given that knowledge is gained by research and study, which requires considerable time, and is then passed down over centuries to future generations, in order that they can advance upon that knowledge and experience. It is difficult to comprehend how the ancient Egyptians accumulated all of their developments, and then supposedly to have successfully completed the entire construction of the Great Pyramids, within the time span stated.
Arguably the most enigmatic and mysterious monument is famously situated at the centre of the earth. It is considered to be a quintessential, geometrically constructed monument, which incorporates bewildering mathematical formulas, and numerous astronomical, and cosmological data. Within the labyrinth of its geometric design there exists an intrinsic encyclopedia of vast underlying knowledge to be awarded. It is a monument apparently created to defy time, and the great elements, given earth quakes have visited its foundations to no avail. It is seen as an imposing megalithic goliath, unwilling to reveal its coveted secrets to the world, the depth of which cannot be measured. Even so, the studious scholars of this sturdy constitution are on a determined quest, to discover the full extent of this remarkable trove, in order to finally unveil its shrouded secrets, and then drink to excess from the well of knowledge.
(Pi)
Golden Ratio (Phi)
Centre Of The World Pyramid
The Great Stones Of The Pyramid
Ancient Egyptian masonry is one of the most passionately debated topics among Egyptologists, various scholars, and particularly modern engineers. The exterior of the Great Pyramid was originally covered with smooth surfaced white limestones. The underlining stones are now visible, due to a number of earth quakes that occurred over the centuries within that location, causing damage to some of those surface stones, which were later stripped and taken by Egyptians to be used for different types of buildings elsewhere. Those limestones were about 100 inches thick, and weighed about 15 tons each. The outer surface of the Great Pyramid was comprised of approximately 144,000 limestones. Once upon a time, the Pyramid of Giza would have been a vision to behold, when its gleaming faces was smitten by the full glory of the Sun or the Moonlight at night.
One of the great mysteries that still exists today, is how stones of such weight (25 to 80 tons) could have been quarried (supposedly before the wheel was invented), cut precisely, lifted to such great heights, and then put in place with such consummate skill and exactitude. Modern structural engineers state that there are no machines which exist today, that can haulage the weight of those stones used for the Great Pyramid, to the same heights that was accomplished in ancient Egypt. In addition, engineers state that it would have been near impossible for primitive tools to cut through stones of such great density and thickness with the startling success which was achieved, irrespective of the quantity of workers used to perform the task. An interesting and remarkably note is that, after experts conducted tests on the Great Pyramid, no stress fractures or structural problems were found within the interior walls of the building, despite the burden of millions of tones of weight in stones, interminably resting upon the monument over thousands of years.
Thus far, the discovered chambers within the Great Pyramid are the King's chamber, which is said to contain a granite sarcophagus (elaborate coffin), the Queen's chamber, and an incomplete antechamber which is situated below the bedrock (foundation) of the pyramid. Also, there are the Grand Gallery, and a variety of corridors and shafts. There are two entrances which are located at the northern side of the Great Pyramid, the original main entrance, and a second entrance which descends into the subterranean chamber. But the exploration of this building is unceasing, with the expectation of even more secret rooms and passages to be examined and unveiled in the future.
Scientific Revelations
The Pyramid And The Cardinal
Scientific research has established that the ancient pyramids are impeccably aligned to the cardinal (four main points on a compass, N,E,S,W), almost to perfection East West and North South. The Great Pyramid is aligned to within 3/60 of a degree of North, aligned close to perfection with true north, which is a closer precision of alignment then any achieved in any modern building to date. To the layperson this information is meaningless. However, architects, structural engineers, geologists, and mathematicians are fully appreciative of the great significance of this remarkable feat. The presumption is that this accomplishment was undertaken over 4,500 years ago, without the use of a magnetic compass. Moreover, a magnetic compass would not have been accurate enough to produce the same results, because the magnetic North Pole shifts slightly as the earth pivots and rotates on its axis, in accordance with the changes of the earth's magnetic core. Also, the primitive methods such as observing the sky at a particular time of day or night, and observing the shadows on sundials, have been extensively researched and dismissed by scientists, as not sufficient to achieve the desired result. Therefore, the great mystery of how this accuracy of alignment was achieved, has eluded and haunted scientists over hundreds of years to the present day.
The Northern Hemisphere Pyramid
The Celestially Encoded Pyramid
The Speed Of Light Pyramid
If we take the Great pyramid of Giza as a coordinate, the number sequence of this coordinate is exactly; 29.979 2458 N. This number is actually equal to the speed of light travelling through space measured in meters per second, which is 299, 792, 458. The Great Pyramid is riddled with far greater complex data of the dimensions and distances of the Earth, Moon, Sun, as well as the Stars, and much more. Depending on one's point of view these facts are mere coincidences. Nevertheless, many of these facts are widely known amongst scientists, mathematicians, and Egyptologists, but surprisingly not widely known amongst the general public. Assuming the vast and mesmerizing array of numerical data were intentionally embedded within the Great Pyramid, this would potentially demonstrate, that the Great Pyramid was designed with a level of technology and sophistication, which is far in excess of any technology that currently exists in the modern world.
The Menkaure Pyramid
The Khafre Pyramid
The Red Pyramid
Djoser Or Step Pyramid
Greek Culture
The Mysteries Of The Pyramid
Archaeologists and Egyptologists have determined that Upper and Lower Egypt was unified approximately (3,100 BC). Assuming this to be the case, from the end of the Stone Age period, the Egyptians were able to acquire enough knowledge and experience, to begin building sophisticated monuments, within just a few hundred years, spanning the 'Old Kingdom' (2700-2100). This theory is challenged by some historians. It may be worth noting that the average life span of the ancient Egyptian was probably much less than it is today, and living conditions would have been comparatively more difficult. Therefore, given that knowledge is gained by research and study, which requires considerable time, and is then passed down over centuries to future generations, in order that they can advance upon that knowledge and experience. It is difficult to comprehend how the ancient Egyptians accumulated all of their developments, and then supposedly to have successfully completed the entire construction of the Great Pyramids, within the time span stated.
Arguably the most enigmatic and mysterious monument is famously situated at the centre of the earth. It is considered to be a quintessential, geometrically constructed monument, which incorporates bewildering mathematical formulas, and numerous astronomical, and cosmological data. Within the labyrinth of its geometric design there exists an intrinsic encyclopedia of vast underlying knowledge to be awarded. It is a monument apparently created to defy time, and the great elements, given earth quakes have visited its foundations to no avail. It is seen as an imposing megalithic goliath, unwilling to reveal its coveted secrets to the world, the depth of which cannot be measured. Even so, the studious scholars of this sturdy constitution are on a determined quest, to discover the full extent of this remarkable trove, in order to finally unveil its shrouded secrets, and then drink to excess from the well of knowledge.
Written by Star_gazer
Published 2 January 2022